Parts of a Flowering Plant Quiz

The Discriminatory North Carolina Laws Regarding Gender...

Community Analysis Paper Cameron Brown Virginia Commonwealth University Using the framework set out by Netting, Kettner, McMurty, and Thomas’ Social Work Macro Practice this paper seeks to systematically analyze and inform the reader about the discriminatory North Carolina laws regarding gender-marker changes. This paper will first describe the population and related need for binary transgender people, either transitioning from male-to-female or female-to-male, second examine the relationship between the need and the population, and conclude with a brief description of general changes. The process of changing gender markers on all forms of identification in Greensboro, North Carolina is costly, difficult to execute, and requires extensive surgeries, which makes it difficult for transgender people to have identification that matches their gender expression; leaving them vulnerable to discrimination, against which the state has no protections. Like most issues, the problem was first noted by transgender people who needed to change their gender markers, but could not figure out how to. Seeking out information for individual agencies, such as The Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) and The Social Security Administration (SSA), and publicizing them on private websites and blogs transgender people were able to combat this initial issue of finding information. Initially all identification agencies required gender confirmation surgery, used here instead of sex reassignment or sexShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Exp lain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesSolidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesphone support www.wileyplus.com/support Your WileyPLUS Account Manager Training and implementation support www.wileyplus.com/accountmanager MAKE IT YOURS! Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Tenth Edition David A. DeCenzo Coastal Carolina University Conway, SC Stephen P. Robbins San Diego State University San Diego, CA Tenth Edition Contributor Susan L. Verhulst Des Moines Area Community College Ankeny, IA John Wiley Sons, Inc. Associate Publisher Executive EditorRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 Pageswithout fear. Establish sexual assault prevention training and awareness programs to educate Soldiers. Ensure sensitive and comprehensive treatment to restore victims’ health and well-being. Ensure leaders understand their roles and responsibilities regarding response to sexual assault victims, thoroughly investigate allegations of sexual assault, and take appropriate administrative and disciplinary action. (AR 600-20 June 2006 / 8-1 / PDF 72) Define sexual assault. Page 12 / 389  © Copyright 1999-2012Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPower and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance

Chapter 2-the Great Gatsby Free Essays

Chapter 2 In chapter two of The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses many methods of narrative. In this essay I will analyse three: Character, Setting and Voice each in detail. We will write a custom essay sample on Chapter 2-the Great Gatsby or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the opening sentence of chapter 2, Fitzgerald uses imagery to create a setting of almost like a limbo with never-ending roads and barren land. This theme continues throughout the first setting in the chapter. â€Å"This is the valley of ashes-a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges† Fitzgerald uses the word ‘ashes’ twice which re-inforces how dead and desolate the ‘valley of ashes’ is. Secondly, Fitzgerald uses an oxymoron with the connotations of ‘ash’ and ‘wheat’: death and life. This is like a microcosm of the fact that many people (in the book) came to New York to achieve ‘The American Dream’ and many failed. However, it could also represent Gatsby and how there are hints in the book that he came from nothing but has worked his way to the top. In chapter 2, Fitzgerald introduces a few new characters to the reader. The character that stood out most for me was Myrtle. Myrtle is Toms mistress and is characterized as the complete opposite as Daisy. She is described with a ‘thickish figure’, ‘sensuously’ and ‘smouldering’, whereas Daisy is slender, kind and loving. Further on in the scene, Myrtle changes her outfit quite often. â€Å"Mrs Wilson had changed her costume† The word ‘costume’ suggests that Myrtle is just playing a part in her own fairytale with Tom. It is ironic because the reader later learns that Tom has no interest in Myrtle apart from her being a distraction. Also, the quality of her dresses as we read deeper into the scene become more and more rich as the first dress is described as ‘crepe-de-chine’, the second is ‘muslim’ and the final dress is ‘chiffon’. She changes her ‘costume’ to give people the impression that she is wealthy because it is the life that she wants to live. Lastly, the use of ‘Mrs Wilson’ instead of Myrtle infers that is more important than when she was with her husband and it also underlines the fact that she is married. Fitzgerald uses the change of structure in the narrative voice to portray the state of Nick. â€Å"I have only been drunk twice in my life and the second was that afternoon† We already know from chapter 1 that Nick is apologetic and likes to think he is honest. Therefore it is almost like he is apologising for what is about to come. This is most likely to be because alcohol was illegal then and he is obviously embarrassed by his state. Later on in the scene, the narrative voice then changes to a more drunken state for example, he rants and uses repetition of ‘then’. Later on, as the evening progresses Nick wipes off â€Å"a spot of dried lather that had worried me all afternoon† from Mr McKee’s cheek. If Nick was sober he would not have done this but obviously feels the need to due to the alcohol. Lastly, the whole scene is told in a strange order and it seems like he is looking back and piecing it all together. How to cite Chapter 2-the Great Gatsby, Papers

Case Study on Electronic Timing Ltd

Question: Case study on Electronic Timing Ltd. Answer: Option 1:- Generally, special dividend is paid by the companies, if it earns any huge amount of profit or the balance sheet exhibits huge amount of cash or cash equivalents. Special dividend would surely make the shareholders happy. But it has many other consequences, which should be considered before taking decision for distribution of special dividend. Distribution of any kind of dividend causes huge amount of cash outflow. Therefore, it has been observed that the stock prices of the companies use to fall immediately after paying off any kind of dividends. On the other hand, due to the outflow of cash, the amounts of current assets, as well as, the total assets gets decreased, which causes fall in total value of the company to (Garcia Moore, 2012). The situation is described in the following table with imaginary figures:- Pre Distribution of Special Dividend Post Distribution of Special Dividend Particulars Amount Amount ($ in million) ($ in million) Total Assets 100 70 Total Liabilities 45 45 Net Value of the Company 55 25 Option 2:- If the selling amount is used for paying off the debts, then the amount of interest payable would become lesser. It would then increases the net earnings, which in return, can increase the amount of dividend payable. Moreover, by utilizing the amount for expansion of manufacturing capability, the company can increase the assets and its market value. It can also help to amplify the manufacturing capability of the company, which would lead to higher future earnings. Hence, this decision may prove to be beneficiary for both the company and its shareholders (Sarkees et al., 2014). The scenario is explained through imaginary figures in the following table:- Pre Expansion Payment of Debt Post Expansion Payment of Debt Particulars Amount Amount ($ in million) ($ in million) Total Assets 100 115 Total Liabilities 45 15 Net Value of the Company 55 100 Total Production Unit 15000 25000 Production Cost @$100 p.u. 1500000 2500000 Sale Price @$150 p.u. 2250000 3750000 Gross Profit 750000 1250000 Options 3:- Share repurchase is the process, followed by the companies to acquire its own shares from the market and reduce the volume of outstanding shares. It helps the company to increase the rate of return on assets and the return on equity by reducing the nos. of outstanding shares. But it does not increase P/E Ratio, it makes the Earning Per Share higher, which in turn, reduce the P/E Ratio. The Condition is shown below with imaginary figures:- Particulars Pre Share Repurchase Post Share Repurchase Outstanding Shares in Units 1000000 750000 Share Price $100 $100 Total Equity Capital $100,000,000 $75,000,000 Average Total Assets $150,000,000 $125,000,000 Net Earnings $5,000,000 $5,000,000 Earning Per Share $5 $7 P/E Ratio 20 15 Return on Assets 0.033 0.040 Return on Equity 0.05 0.07 But it has been observed that it carries more uncertainty than dividend payments over the long-run. The decision of share repurchase would be effective if the market price of shares remains constant or experience growth over the period. If the market price falls in due course of period, then such decision would cause unnecessary outflow of cash. Moreover, the positive effect of share repurchase can be enjoyed in long run. It is not suitable for instant rise in the value of the company (Hillert et al.,2016). Option 4:- The company can retain the additional income for paying dividends. In such scenario, the stock price of the company would also fall after distribution of dividends. However, many investors use to evaluate the companies in accordance to the dividend paid by it. They use to measure the financial performances of the companies by the rates of its dividends. Therefore, if the company uses to pay the additional income as normal dividends at high rate, the potential investors would feel that the company is performing very well and thus, would like to invest more in the company. It would ultimately help to increase the market price of the company. The consequences are explained in the following table:- Distibution of Dividend in Normal Rate Distibution of Dividend in Higher Rate Particulars Amount Amount ($ in million) ($ in million) Total Stock $100,000,000 $100,000,000 Net Income for Distribution $2,500,000 $32,500,000 Dividend Yield Rate 0.025 0.325 Option 5:- Dividend growth model or growth perpetuity model is one of the widely used model for evaluation of share stock prices. It uses to value the share price by assuming that there would be constant growth in the dividend payment over the consecutive periods. As stated in the question, the value of the stock is used to be measured on the basis of the dividend rate of the present year. Therefore, if the extra income is used for paying dividend at higher rate, then the dividend growth model will show higher value of the stock prices than the stock prices of other competitive companies. It will ultimately help the company to draw more investors within in a short period. The effect is shown in the following chart with imaginary figures:- Distribution of Dividend in Normal Rate Distribution of Dividend in Higher Rate Particulars Amount Amount ($ in million) ($ in million) Total Nos. of Shares 1000000 1000000 Total Equity $10,000,000 $10,000,000 Total Earnings $35,000,000 $35,000,000 Net Income for Distribution $2,500,000 $30,000,000 Required Rate of Return 0.60 4.50 Current Price of Stock 25 25 Current Annual Dividend 2.50 30.00 Retention Ratte 0.93 0.14 Dividend Payout Ratio 0.07 0.86 Return on Equity 3.5 3.5 Dividend Growth Rate 0.25 3.00 Fair Stock Value 26.79 85.00 On the hand, if the company will spent the amount for expansion of production capabilities, it can enjoy the higher earnings and pay higher rate of dividend but in long run. Moreover, the rise in income on the long run also depends on how effectively the company has utilized the expanded production system for generating higher income in future. Therefore, this decision will not create any affect on the outcomes of dividend growth model currently. Hence, it can be stated that if the company wants to attract more investors within a short span, they should utilize the additional income for paying off normal dividend instead of expansion of the business (McMillan, 2015). Reference List:- Garcia, M., Moore, C. M. T. (2012;2011;).The cash dividend: The rise of cash transfer programs in sub-saharan africa. US: World Bank Publications. doi:10.1596/978-0-8213-8897-6 Hillert, A., Maug, E., Obernberger, S. (2016). Stock repurchases and liquidity.Journal of Financial Economics,119(1), 186-209. doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2015.08.009 McMillan, D. G. (2015). Time varying predictability for stock returns, dividend growth and consumption growth.International Journal of Finance Economics,20(4), 362-373. doi:10.1002/ijfe.1522 Sarkees, M., Hulland, J., Chatterjee, R. (2014). Investments in exploitation and exploration capabilities: Balance versus focus.

Popular Music free essay sample

Popular music, or pop music, means Clumsy of the populace. The term embraces all kinds of folk music which, originally made by illiterate people, were not written down. The creation of a popular music that aims simply at entertaining large numbers of people is a product of industrialization, in which music became a commodity to be bought and sold. It Is In the rapid Industrialized nations, notably Britain and USA, that we first encounter composers who have devoted themselves to fulfilling a demand for popular, entertainment music. Foster Stephen Foster (Born Lawrenceville in 1826; died in New York in 1864)Foster was an American composer, mainly self-taught In music. He wrote over 200 songs, several of which have come to be regarded almost as American folk-songs. Though a Northerner, several of his songs capture the Southern plantation spirit in an authentic and eloquent manner. His songs are considered as Distaste, through nostalgia. All of Fosters songs yearn for the Good old days, but their yearning is not innocent, as real folk music Is. We will write a custom essay sample on Popular Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Souse John Philip Souse (Born in Washington DC in 1854; died in Reading, Pennsylvania in 1932) Souse was an American composer and bandmaster.As a youth he played the violin n an orchestra. He conducted the US Marine Corps band in 1880-92. He formed his own military band In 1892, which became very popular and toured Europe four times between 1900 and 1905, and toured the world In 1910-11. Unfortunately it was plectra of the 1931 Depression. Souse was best known for his superb marches, of which he composed nearly 100. His music is also considered Distaste, by means of hedonism. Catchall Louis More Catchall (Born In New Orleans In 1829; died In Brazil In 1969) Catchall was an American pianist, conductor and composer.He went to Paris to study in 1842. His pianoforte debut was in 1844 was praised by Chopin. On return to the USA he toured widely, playing and conducting his own sentimental and naive music for unsophisticated audiences who enjoyed his virtuoso panache and his arrangements of national allures. He wrote two operas, two symphonies and many Blues and Ragtime Though Jazz is a twentieth century phenomenon, mainly associated with cities, its origins were in Africa. The black mans music, transmuted into the white mans world.In his new, white American world, the black man, enslaved, inevitably used the musical techniques he had been reared on. As an outcast, he no longer sings a tribal song but calls on ancient vocal formulas of the pentatonic scale and a tumbling descent from a high note, and on traditional techniques of vocal production modified because he sings in the American, rather than in African language. Inevitably it came into contact with the musical manifestations of the New World, especially the march and hymn. The hymn followed a pattern of tonic, dominant and subdivision harmony, while the march provided a four-square beat.When the American black, responding to these types of music, took over the white mans guitar, he blues was born, and with it the heart of Jazz. Blues There was no decisive break between the folk holler and the blues. Pete Williams, a black man in the Southern prison, uses the guitar to accompany himself in what he calls Prisoners talking blues and Levee camp blues, but these are still hollers in which speed is heightened, with the guitar providing a repeated figure. The words of vocal blues often concern the agony of desertion, betrayal and unrequited love and sexual references are frequent.Blues Form, as it evolved, tends to fall into a pattern, as shown: Bars 1 23456789 10 11 12 Chords vlvl- But the form is not static. It provided a harmonic framework against which the black singer could interpret his words or the instrumentalist could improvise. Thus black melody and white harmony interact. Ragtime Ragtime is an early type of Jazz particularly for solo piano and composition rather than improvised. The famous exponent and composer of it was Scott Joplin popular from 1895-1920 when other forms of Jazz took over.Scott Joplin Scott Joplin was born in 1897 died in 1917. He was known as the king of Ragtime. He took his musical convention from white military two-step. But Joplin music, both in the Maple Leaf Rag in 1899 that made him famous and in more harmonically sophisticated pieces like Euphonium Sounds in (1909), has an improvised feel mostly because the rhythms are Dragged in being syncopated. In the music of the notable rag composers, for example James Scott and Bobbie Blake and as well as Joplin, the music has pathos but not sentimentality.Blues and Jazz meet in the evolution of piano Jazz. When blacks came across broken down pianos they treated them as mechanized guitars. Barbershops pianists came to make basic, usually very fast use of the harmonies of the 12-bars blues and to seek monastic substitutes for the guitars expressiveness by way of crunched tones, slides and displaced accents. The pianist exploited the power of a percussive keyboard, creating momentum with a pounding left hand usually in patterns of repeated tones or unequal rhythms the came to be known as boogie basses.Gradually, barbershops pianist exploited complexities of texture as well as to exploit rhythmic force. Leroy Carr, as a singer and pianist, shows how white art may lead elegance to black passion, as the reimbursements of the barbershops piano came to term with the artificialness of rag. James P. Johnson trained in both barbershops IANA and ragtime traditions and distinguished for his command of an irresistibly striding bass and for the delicate precision of the right-hand figuration.Blues Singing Fusion of blues and rag exemplified in Johnnys playing is crucial to the evolution of jazz, especially during the sass. The most revered singers were women. The earliest of the great women blues singers, Gertrude Rained nickname Ma. Her vocal timbre often had a liturgical flavor. She found no barriers between country blues gospel and minstrel show music. Bessie Smith Bessie Smith (1894-1937), the most famous blues singer of the sass was known as he Empress of Blues. Like all the finest Jazz her music sprang from tension: between country and town, black and white, art and entertainment.Like other women blues singers, Smith usually performed in dialogue with a melody instrument, which both intensified and depredations the vocal line. She gave superb versions of folk blues like Escaroles Love and Reckless Love with Louis Armstrong playing a cornet obbligato and of her own Young women blues and Poor man blues with the cornet of Joe Smith her favorite collaborator. Jazz Since women blues singers worked with Jazz players and used conventions from both jazz and minstrel show, their work had many features in common with the music of the early Jazz band.This began in New Orleans where, as we have seen, a lively black population mingled with a cosmopolitan society of white Americans, Frenchman, Spaniards, Italians and German. From these cross -fertilization the New Orleans Jazz band became established with instruments from the white military band. The cornet (later trumpet), clarinet and trombone were the main melody instruments. A tuba (later string bass) provided the bottom line, reinforced by drums and other percussion instruments. The banjo substituted for the guitar as harmonic fill-in.Later when bands no longer marched the piano became the main harmony instrument, combined with plucked strings. The music of the New Orleans band compromises tension between the trumping military beat and the symmetries of white harmony on one hand and on the other the black solo lines which, with their African flexibility of pitch and rhythm, try to override the basic form. The supreme New Orleans soloists- Louis Armstrong, cornet and trumpet, Johnny Odds, clarinet and Sidney Becket (soprano saxophone) attain a levitating ecstasy with their soaring improvised melodies.They also affirm their humanity in imbuing their instruments with the expressiveness of the voice. Louis Armstrong The voice and instrument speak, the body move: so the heart of music is in the spoken and unspoken word and in physical movement. What is remarkable about New Orleans Jazz is that this word -body relationship flourished within the context of westernizes commercial music. We can hear this in the supreme achievements of band Jazz, the recordings made by Louis Armstrong with his Hot Five and Hot Seven in 1926-8, Tight Like This.Tragedy is overt in Armstrong famous unaccompanied solo opening to West End blues. The consummation of New Orleans Chicago Jazz involves a marriage between black folk melody and the harmony of white art music is revealed in Armstrongs recording of King Olivers Weather Bird which he presents simply as a duet with Earl Hines. Armstrong and Hines have proceeded from the folk heterodyne of early Jazz to a true improvised polyphony. These tracks were recorded in 1928, Just before Armstrong left Chicago for New York, later to embark on a career as a sh ow-business entertainer as well as a Jazzmen. Jelly Roll Morton, a light-skinned New Orleans black, produced, between 1926-1930, a series of according with his Red Hot Peppers. He composed most of the numbers in the convention of the Souse march and trio and even wrote down 12-bar blues with precise indication of harmony and figuration. The music involved Jazz improvisation, though Morton, as pianist-director of his steel basically New Orleans ensemble, controlled real acerbic blues like Smokehouse Blues or in a cross between the two like The Chant, they generate passion while managing to sound blithely carefree.Their improvised composition, as distinct from Louis Armstrongs improvisation, is an irresistible affirmation of the human spirit. Duke Longtime A further refinement of Morons approach occurs in the music of Duke Longtime, born in Washing DC. Morton was the first, Longtime was the second composer in Jazz history; he remains the finest. He scored for a bigger band, using choir of saxophones blending, or playing in contras t, with brass and reeds, supported by string bass and percussion Longtime directed from or beside the keyboard. Longtime composed almost all the bands material using a 32-bar format rather more than the 12 bar blues. The artful quality of Elongations music lies first in the tunes which are memorable and recognizable his such as Black Beauty (1928) and Solitude and Mood Indigo (1930). Longtime starts from the cliches of white march and hymn, he adds chromatic richness that can plum our emotions. The music remains folk improvisation in tune with the spirit of the blues and at heart profoundly African.In a piece remains sinister because of the padding cat beat and the cross-rhythms of the guitar. One example of this ambiguity is the Black and Tan Fantasy (1927). Longtime fuses the spirit of New Orleans Jazz with the precise realization of art. Compromise teen black Jazz and white art entails the acceptance of white show business, which, in an industrial society, is arts popular manifestation. There are two complimentary strands in this process. One develops black Jazz into a mechanized powerhouse; the other combines popular conventions with the escape art of musical comedy.The two streams converge, as did blues, minstrel show and rag in the earlier generation. American Musical The Jazz musicians we have discussed have all been black, indirectly of African descent. The musicians who worked in music theatre on Broadway during the same cascades were all white, mostly of Jewish European ancestry. Musical comedy had its roots in European operetta, Viennese, French and English. One of the earliest and most talented of Broadway composers, Jerome Kern, though born in New York in 1885, studied in Europe, intending to become a classical composer.He returned the USA and to Tin Pan Alley. He produced his first show in 1912. During the next 30 years composed musicals such as Sunny (1925), Showboat (1927) and The Cat and the Fiddle (1931), which gave classic formulation to musical comedy conventions. The format of musical comedy steers it towards escapism. Broadway musical comedy emulates the operettas of such composers as the Stresses, Lear, Offenbach and Sullivan, transplanting both themes and forms in to an American environment.The themes are again either hedonistic or nostalgic. The forms follow a predictable pattern, the tunes constructed within rigidly diatonic, symmetrical eight-plus-eight- measure periods, though the harmony and modulations, especially in the middle eight, may be more adventurous than those of the old minstrel music. ; Irving Berlin Irving Berlin, born in Russia as Israel Blaine in 1888, was taken to New York as a baby. He had no musical training except what he picked up as a singing waiter.When he discovered that he had gift for writing word and tunes he was content to pick out the melody with one finger on the piano, leaving harmonistic and notation to a professional. Berlins songs have only two basic themes: an adolescent pleasure in the present moment and an equally adolescent nostalgia, sometimes tinged with self-pity. The tunes, with their narrow range and stepwise movement, more or less sing themselves. Such songs do not deny that love may hurt: they seek pleasure from the hurt itself and create and illusion that we can live on t he surface of our motions. Cole Porter Cole Porter (1891-1964). The cynical title of Porters musical Anything Goes (1934) is typical; so too is the fact that it conveys the mood of the sass with carefree is no positive element except the rudimentary boy-girl relationship, as expressed in the song All Through the Night. Its tune is merely a descending chromatic scale that, prompting dreamy modulations, induces trance, making the love seem almost too innocent to be true. Porters chromatics cast an ironic reflection on the diatonic love-songs of Berlin.The satirical elements in Porters songs are not sharp; they tend o defuse passion and violence, and become part of the American Dream. Yet his irony sometimes carries an uneasy honesty that we do not find in later musicals such as Richard Rodgers Oklahoma (1943). Occasionally, for instance in Night and Day, Porter allowed wit to be disturbed not only by passion but also by something not far from fright. George Gershwin Only one composer of Broadway and Tin Pan Ally overrode the illusory nature of the conventions to produce works of genius; George Gershwin. Many songs he contributed to ephemeral musicals have survived in their own right.Evidence of Gershwins percipience lies in his discovery of his essential theme in a novel by Dubos Hayward dealing with life among the blacks in New Orleans. From it was made a libretto for Porgy and Bess which, starting out as an ambitious musical, ended up as a fully-fledged opera exploiting an interplay of speech, recitative, arioso and pop aria and exhibiting a musical-theatrical craft to rival Puccini, if not Verdi. Swing era Gershwins understanding of the black blues, though intuitive, was profound is indicated by the fact that his tunes have always been favored material for Jazz improvisation.Porgy and Bess itself have been given superb Jazz treatments by such distinguished musicians as Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, Miles Davis and Gill Evens, Ray Charles and Cleo Elaine. This provides a link to the evolution of Jazz, now both black and white, in the sasss and asss; the era of swing, during which the relationship of band to soloists changed. Even Elongations band grew to considerable dimensions and has affiliations with the big white bands that were more a part of show business than of Jazz.The earliest was the concert band of Paul Whitman, for which Gershwin composed Rhapsody in Blue, and to which some of the most talented of white Jazz wind players contributed. Dominating the era of world war II was the big band of Glenn Miller. More interesting both musically and sociologically is Benny Goodman, a white clarinetist who directed big and small bands and who looked, from the world of commerce, towards both Jazz and art. It is significant that Goodman, himself a fine musician, was the first white impresario to promote black Jazzmen on equal terms.Count Basis The supreme achievements of Jazz during the swing era remain black, notably the Kansas City bands of Count Basis. The Basis band is an authentic successor to the boreholes music of shanty-town piano thumper. The machine- made energy of the massed brass is now set against the wiry agility of Basiss piano playing. Basiss which is more blues-influenced than Elongations, rhythmic momentum liberates the soloist but at the same time threatens his individuality. Cabaret singers The big band era was also the age of the great Jazz cabaret singers.Basis worked with male blues shouters such as great Jimmy Rushing. He also worked with Billie Holiday, the finest female Jazz singer since Bessie Smith, who restricted herself costly to pop standards. Holiday died young, of heroin, but other great cabaret singers of the sasss and asss, notably Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughan and Betty Carter, have carried on performing into the sasss. The individual voice and spoken or sung word may still triumph. Instrumentalists During the sasss and ass what came to be called Modern Jazz reverted to private values.A pianist-composer like Theologies Monk had some of the attributes of a high priest, literally turning his back on his audience as he created a nervously tight, harmonically and tonally contorted revamping of old boreholes styles. Miles Davis, in his Cool Jazz of the sass, tempered Jazz heat with the muted sonority of his trumpet. Often he was abetted by the swinging lilt of Bill Vanss piano-playing. Evans was a white man. So is the composer-arranger Gill Evans, with whom Davis collaborated in some of the most beautiful Jazz Tone poems since Longtime, notably the suite derived from Porgy and Bess (1958).Among the saxophonists of modern Jazz Charlie Parker stands supreme, the most inventive and influential Jazz soloist since Armstrong. Although he used blues and pop conventions, his rapid chord changes and flexible meter steered Jazz improvisation once more towards a linear approach. This is evident too in the playing of Stan Get and in that of John Coloration and Ornate Coleman. We can also hear the influence of Parker in the Jittery linearity of the playing of Bud Powell who, like Parker, was a drug-infected victim of Jazz neurosis.McCoy Tuner starting in the sass in duo with Coloration as a brilliant exponent of blues and standard forms. White Country Music In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the original white settlers on the American continent brought their folk music with them, and it too has been ransomed into an industry: the pop music known as country and western. The music originated, however in the Eastern States, where emigrants from Britain had sung their old songs, rendered scrawnier and more rasping by the tough conditions of pioneer life.Even in the mid-twentieth century this is still eviden t in the singing of men and women living in remote areas of the Carolinas, Kentucky and Virginia. The instrumentalists, however, who made music not so much to alleviate loneliness as to stimulate communal activity, transformed their old-world models more radically. Georgian, Arkansas and Virginian fiddlers such as Fiddling John Carson played the old Scots and Irish reels with wild abandon, making music of almost manic cheerfulness. Provided a recipe for pop or entertainment, as distinct from folk, music. The fiddling of the string bands of the sass abandons everything to hedonism.This euphoria is no less evident in the banjo and guitar pickers who often support the fiddlers themselves play European-based dance music, or accompaniments to songs, some derived from British sources, others newly invented. Both fiddle music and plucked tiring music tends to be fast, regular in meter and diatonic. Bluegrass Some fiddlers and string players formed string bands such as the Skillet Licker, the Gully Jumpers or the North Carolina Ramblers. The music they made in the sass and ass was still a melody of old British songs and dances drained of hurtful elements and seasoned with bits of American hymned, march and ballad.At first this concerted music was still folk music. It served the needs of the community. During the sass it became more streamlined, exploitable on radio and recording. It was named bluegrass in homage to its Eastern mountain origins. Bluegrass music was performed by a lead singer who also played the guitar, banjo or mandolin, vigorously supported by other players of guitar, banjo and harp, with an interlacing of fiddlers. Tunes were fast and plainly diatonic. There may be a hint of desperation in the way in which the most melancholy local events railway accidents, hanging etc- are recounted with headily impervious glee.One finds something similar in the more Jazz-influenced string bands that, in the sass, came to be known as Western swing. Carter Family The Carter family, a Virginian mountain family who collected and arranged old-time hymns and ballads, sang quavers bass in the vocal trio. All the Carters songs, whatever their origin or theme, come out at moderate-to-fast tempo, regular in meter and in unsullied diatonic. The Carters importance is attributable not to exceptional talents but to their incorruptible integrity. Through popularized, even commercialese, they were little changed between the sass and the sass.With the Carters and the frail, clown like figure of Jimmy Rodgers the Lonesome Cowboy, country music became an industry in which the opposite poles of pop music, hedonism and nostalgia, were identified. Country singers like Dolly Barton and Lacy J Dalton have entered big business in becoming pop stars, without destroying the folk- like creativity they started from. Rock The rock explosion that occurred in the wake of World War II and came to fruition in the sass was an attempt to re-create music, having become an industry, tried to absorb the life-giving primitivism of black Jazz.Black-white integration worked both ways. If white culture engulfed black, black culture was now eager to take advantage of white technology to boost its growing self-confidence. From this process emerged hat came, appropriately, to be called soul music: the traditional passion and pain of black gospel music and of the blues are given greater punch by electric rather than male and female soul singers- Otis Redding and James Brown, Nina Simons and Earth Franklin. Also, in the sass blacks established their own record-producing industry, based in Detroit, manufacturing their own black style, called Midtown.Th is fast, regular-metered, cheerily diatonic music, reflecting the blacks self- assurances, is best represented by Diana Ross and her Supremes. The sound of Midtown has en wildly imitated by pop groups on both sides of the Atlantic from the late sass. But the emergence of rock and roll in the mid-twentieth century was a white phenomenon, in that young whites listened to black rhythm and blues out of frustration with their own society. It is possible to see Elvis Presley as a successor to the country singer Hank Williams. Both were Southern white boys with an evangelical background.Hank William Williams composed most of his own material in an idiom related to that of the Carter family, though with a touch of the black blues that gave a darker shade to the hymn- eke and ballad style. Elvis Presley Occasionally the black elements in Williwaws songs reinforced by the electric beat, guide him towards early Presley- style rock and roll. Elvis Presley responded to a non- conformist small-town background far more rebelliously. Whereas Williams created his own songs, mostly about broken loves, Presley used other peoples modes and manners to evoke an image of narcissistic self-esteem.Dressed extravagantly he brought it off because he had abilities to bolster charisma. Parsleys confidence in his voice projected his image, Heartbreak Hotel, the number that bought him instant name in 1956, was in origin a Southern country song. Presley uses both black barbershops and white Pentecostal styles as part of his performing expertise. Strait romantic lyricism is held in tension. The performance stimulates because it is precarious. He was always a performer and never a composer. The two poles of his nature- white dream-maker and black rebel- were both attempted escapes from routine.Presley was a solo performer: he could brook no competition. But as rock music developed it increasingly took over from gospel music the concept of the group. The rock group reached its climax not in the USA but in traditionally noncreative Britain. Rolling Stones The Rolling Stones, whose heyday was in the sasss, represents the closest approach pop ha made to an orgiastic music comparable with that created in African societies. This is seen in the groups singer Nick Eagers Africanized yelling and bodily gyrations, as well as in the fact that he adopted much of his material from black blueness like Muddy Waters.The Rolling Stones instrumental resources also have rudimentary origins, electric guitars and keyboards being vastly amplified versions of blues guitar, country harmonica, bagpipes and author. Amplification intensifies primitivism, since electronics may create a nightmarish inflation of the pitch both because it is metrically cruder and because, in amplification it is so loud, passing the threshold of tolerance. Breaking the sound barrier may become not a permissive euphoria but a destructive force relatable to voodoo.In 1970 Eagers rendering of Under my thumb triggered a Hells Angels ritual murder at the site of the performance. Primitive pentatonic melody here relies mainly on the driving beat for its momentum; harmony, as in real tribal music, is minimal or non-existent. This may be observed too in Award American rock groups such as the Doors, the Grateful Dead and the drug-orientated Velvet Underground. Music-Theatre, rock musicals Just as the energy of the Rolling Stones seemed to have weathered the years, so something has survived from the happier and happier cults of the sass.There is a direct return, if in simple form, to the Greek concept of music-theatre ritual. This is also demonstrated in the Tribal musicals of which Gal. McDermott Hair (1969) was the first to achieve artistic and material success. Similar themes and structure appear in The Whos Tommy and in Andrew Lloyd Weepers Jesus Christ Superstar. The use of multiple media 0 word, sound, movement, lighting 0 and of improvisation and audience participation means involvement rather than passive reception. Most pop concerts have become theatre ritual in this sense.Audiences will no longer tolerate a pop concert without visual as well as audible appeal. The Yess performance of their Tales from Topographic Oceans (1973) has something in common with the later music rituals of Steakhouses, in intention as well as in technique and technology. Pop is ritual in an emergent stage, and its ambiguity may e a strength. The long-playing record, tape and audio-visual are more radical innovations than we once realized. They transplant ritual from temple or theatre to any place.Individuals may create one, as do The Who in Quadraphonic (1965) or Pink Floyd in Atom Heart Mother (1968) and The Wall (1979). Intellect and technology are combined with feeling and instinct. The Battles The most successful group in pop history, the Battles, was the best. Their quality depended on the fact that they made songs of pronounced individuality. The return to origins in the basic beat, the often modal tunes, the side-stepping harmonies, were even a location and a name. American blues and country music interlaced with British hymn and music hall in the memorable melodies. Popular music free essay sample Focusing on a music based scene, movement or Artist of your own choosing from the period 1955 to 2000. You will detail, explain and analyses the roots, character and legacy of your chosen subject and consider what impact, if any, your subject has had upon popular music culture and the contemporary music business. Your choice may be a genre based scene such as the development of House Music in the UK through the asses and ass, or a geographically connected movement such as the Singer- Songwriter movement in Los Angles during the early asses, or a significantly influential and important Artist such as David Bowie or Madonna.You will need to have your choice of subject approved by your Module Leader, so do not begin researching or writing your assignment before you have discussed your theme with them. In this essay I will attempt to focus on a specific music scene as well as a movement being my choice of the East Coast Hip-Hop scene and the culture it carries. We will write a custom essay sample on Popular music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Aiming to focus on the time period of 1980-2000, where let felt It had Its biggest and most controversial moments. Digging into its roots and some of its legacy and the people thin the society that helped cause some drastic changes that occurred and still go on at present spiraling In todays society causing effects on the popular music culture and music Industry. Rap Is a gimmick, but Im for the hip-hop, the culture. - Method Man East Coast Hip-Hop was birthed from the genre Hip-Hop when it had its most peak moments In the years of the sasss going Into the premature years of the 1 asss. Marred to the Orlando form of Hip-Hop It became well known and recognized for the positive some-times being afro centric and realistic lyrics that often had some epithet of meaning into what was currently going on in the peoples lives. East Coast Hip-Hop combined various genres of music and sounds one of the largest examples being Jamaican danceable toasting where Dos played the rhythm and artist such as Sister Nancy, Yellow Man and Dennis Allocate blessed the music with their voice making unusual sounds by their mouth or slightly mining over the beat making the crowd feel welcomed and at one with the artist.The passion of using words to express feelings and thoughts similar to Soul music which was also popular at this time. With all of these factors East Coast Hip-Hop began to see the rise of a new community and culture allowing us to sit back and witness the growth and beginning 1 OFF DIM, Notorious Big, Jay Z and Nas who would all go on to cause their own footstep on the future and all the great things it bought then, and still today in culture and the music industry. Originating from the East Coast of America, being more specific in the South Bronx of New York Hip-Hop came alive and began to stomp down so many barriers. In the beginning Hip-Hop contained no toasting, rapping nor talking but talented Dos that created unfamiliar sound. However this would go on to change as people such as Gill Scott-Heron began to perform words of blissful spoken poetry. During the years of the sasss block parties were a main source of time killing, entertainment and gathering for the African American community and in some cases the youth of Ladinos.Dos such as DC Cool Here would arrive to individuals house bringing the party and crowd with them to play music that would satisfy at the time most popular being soul/Ran. They soon found a new trend that would go on to make history using Jamaican Dub where percussion was used to cause isolation thin the breaks of songs allowing B-Boys and Busgirls to breakneck to the funky and new vibrant sound. They went on experiencin g with techniques and ideas such as scratching and beat mixing were Macs such as Roseanne Shanty began to spit over. In the year of 1975 things slightly began to change in regards to the street life known gangs of New York began to bring the animosity into another forming a-boy and B-girl groups who began to dance to the break of Hip-Hop, which went on to create a new trend of break dancing. This became to play and contribute a huge mount to Hip-Hop along with other components Mining, graffiti and Digging. Together these elements would be the first building posts for East Coast Hip-Hop. You see in the beginning the basic thought of Hip-Hop was the music the Dos created along with the lyrics the Macs put on top of them.However with the new trends of breakfasting and spray painting people were almost forced to take notice that this wasnt Just a phase the people were going through but now a lifestyle choice and belief for the South side of the Bronx New York. In 1974 Sylvia Robinson and Joe Robinson founded Sugar Hill Records which before its time was never done and became the first major Hip-Hop reco rding company which then gave East Coast Hip-Hop the power to expand and see growth. Their first major success in 1979 when Rappers Delight produced and created by Sugar Hill gang having a score of 3 on UK charts and thirty six in the US. This song gave East Coast Hip-Hop the platform it needed to gain recognition from the world. This gave East Coast Hip-Hop the seed it needed to grow. In 1981 Tommy Boy Records/ Entertainment the independent label was created and merchandised by Tom Silverman and also sent a shock wave through the music scene with albums such as Naughty by Nature a group entitled album. Naughty by Nature was released in 1991 and was hailed to be one of the best 100 rap albums by One of the greatest albums ever made (NAME 2010).This displayed how critical it was to have record labels like these around and supporting the scene as it gave the artists and creators the chance to show some-thing they both loved and had a sincere passion for. In the year of 1983 the world was struck by the DNA of rap music (Run DIM), making a bang on the East Coast scene the world watched as Jason Micelle Cam-Master Jay), Darryl McDaniel (D. M. C) and Joseph Simmons (Run) originating, Queens New York bought out their first single Its like that. The single was aided with Sucker M. Cos reaching number 15 on the US R charts.With Run Dams hard-hitting beats, aggressive rhymes, fashion style and first solid four albums Run-D. M. C in 1984, King of Rock in 1985, Raising Hell in 1986 and Tougher Than Leather in 1988, they had now found the new ability to bring awareness to the what was thought of the underground music scene. As well as bringing new heights to East Coast Hip-Hop we saw them change Hip-Hop from being Just a musical front too LOL to care about appearance and presentation with its rough edges into a fashion statement being strategically clever about all of the fashion choices they made. Run DIM was more than determined on pushing and creating their own style. They simply dressed on stage as they would on the corner of their streets in Queens, by doing this kids and fans were able to identify. Their stick-up kid look was now shadowing the thoughts and motives of the streets. Dressed in hardcore leather jackets, Godfather hats, exaggerated Jewelry, dark colored Jeans and of course their infamous Aids sneakers. It first began when people start recognizing Run DIM wearing their trainers with no laces, a style deriving from Jail where officers removed the laces to prevent inmates from committing suicide.However all of these positive aspects didnt come without backlash . With the older generation seeing the effect Run DIM were having on the youth they began getting annoyed at them for using such stereotypical references and links. Run DIM soon received a back lash from musician and poet Dry. Gerald Ideas when he released Felon Sneakers a song which he used to beat them down about connecting such things of inmates to the youths as bad influence.This didnt stop Run DIM in their tracks however as they came back with the song My Aids which also became one of their hits, turning the meaning around and deceiving its stereotype to be a positive movement and contradiction to what the system wanted Me and my Aids do the lilies things, We like to stomp out pimps with diamond rings, We slay all suckers who perpetrate, and lay down law from state to state In affect this caused the sale of Aids sneakers to raise in the asss eventually allowing Run DIM to do some-thing that hadnt been done before, hey were signed by Aids to produce their own clothing line and sneakers with a ultimate bonus of 1 million dollars. This would start a trend with Hip-Hop as it carries on to happen now with artist such as accent being sign to cre ate sneakers and clothing for Rebook, and female rap artist such as Tenant Taylor and Missy Elliot to create their own styles for Aids. My Aids was the confirmation needed that East Coast Hip-Hop was now more than a simple form of music but a lifestyle eventually launching street wear to the place it is today. After all this positivist the darkness and underground grunge began to come out of the East Coasts draining systems.A new culture was growing influencing more of the East Coasts talented artists that were Grandmaster Flash released the song white lines telling the hidden story of the New York Streets using lyrics such as Ticket to ride white line highway, tell all your friends, they can go my way, pay your toll, sell your soul, pound for pound costs more than gold. The lyrics demonstrated a warning about the effects of using cocaine. With the obvious use of cocaine taking place it was only right the story of the dealers e exposed, this is when the perfect timing for the hustler to come up and tell his story of being apart of the East Coast scene. For the majority of underground rappers money making was at times A issue so they used the option of hustling alongside rapping and for a time thought to have gone hand in hand working together Just like beats and flows (Carter, S. 2010).In 1986 Beastie Boys created their most successful album entitled licensed to Ill which featured arguably their biggest hit fight for your right making history as the first ever Hip-Hop album to reach the target of being umber one in the US billboards charts. This was a controversial factor and cause some animosity and annoyance amongst the black community as they believed a right had been taken away from them. The Beastie Boys came from a middle/upper class backgroun d and had no relevance or experiences with the hustling scene and the music that it was producing. 1987 was A year for big things giving the most successful rappers a steady platform to show what they had been working for.With their political lyrics and statements Public Enemy became one of the most influential rap groups. Although their first album M)! Bum Rush the show wasnt a hit, their second album It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back released in 1988 would go on to prove critics wrong selling over a million copies including songs with empowering political speeches made by Malcolm X. With Flag Flag wearing his giant clock chains and the name of the group it was easy to draw the conclusion that they had come revert the idea of them being damaging to every-day people and society to become known for being powerful and influencing. However one of the most important and historic stamps were still left to come to put its mark on East Coast Hip-Hop.Jay Z made and entrance on to the scene in the unforgettable year of 1989 and would soon go on to be referred to as the best r apper in the world. Jay Z being friends with Jazz was able to gain contact with Brooklyn DC Fresh Gordon who abele him to a verse on a track with Big Daddy Kane on a mix-tape which began to circulate. Even with all this new unique talent Jay Z had he still fell into the rap what most other young black males were falling into hustling. However if it wasnt for this lifestyle Jay Z wouldnt of been inspired to write and deliver the lyrics he did empower him to share his experiences of life, his laity had a story to tell (Carter, S. 2010).He himself made sure that his songs were as truthful as they could be not Just glorifying the street life that was being lived but often trying to depict and explain how the once city paved with gold had turned into the streets that homed criminals, prostitutes, drug abusers but most important legends in the making. This is why the hustlers story through hip hop has connected with a global audience. The deeper we got into those sidewalk cracks and into the mid of the young hustler trying to find his fortune there, the closer we et to the ultimate human story, the story of struggle, which is what defines us many others like him life story unravel, i nforming us of the streets he met and they changes him and also the people around him. Music was not Jay Gs only talent Just like his peers such as Russell Simmons, Puff Daddy and Dry Deer we saw Jay Z bring his entrepreneur skills from the streets to his own office. Owning brands and businesses such as Orca-Wear , clubs 40/40 which are located in over 4 different states, Carols Daughter a brand of beauty products, sports club bar 40/40 in over 20 airports, he also bought a share of the Brooklyn Nets basketball team and closest to home in 2005 Jay Z bought a stake in the England football team Arsenal. With the rise of Jay Z still escalating we saw rappers with similar dialect and begin to come through the East Coast Hip-Hop scene. Artist such as Nas, Www-Tang Clan and one of my own personal favorites The Notorious B. I. G. In 1994 spectators were blown away with B. L. Gs easy flow accompanied by his slight lisp, with the album Ready To Die which hit the billboards at number 3. Once again we saw a rapper tell the public his life story allowing his peers to understand change and what can happen with a hard grind.In his famous song sky is he limit you hear him say A Niger never been as broke as me, I like that, demonstrating that there is some form of light at the end of the tunnel. With being on the rise and so much other success B. I. G still had other projects going on the most recognizable being Junior M. A. F. I. A which included some of his friends he grew up with in the streets such as Ill Cease, Chic Del Vice, M. C Slept and Ill Kim a female rapper artist he found on the street and helped to mould long with Puff Daddy. You see even with the world on his door step he refused to forget his promises to the streets and remain humble bringing his old crew into his new life and new found success. Nas was was greatly inspired by the late B. I. G and released his first album Lunatic in 1994 produced with East Coast producer Pete Rock and Large Professor. On this album Nas shared his child hood and not so long ago life experiences living in the inner city of New York. With his style of multi syllable rhyming the album was able to reach number 2 on the US charts. With the East Coast producing consistent and well produced acts the East Coast could not be ignored which also would bring rivals as mentioned before the East Coast and West Coast rappers soon began beef and go back and forth almost take it back to the streets. One of the most worldly known rhymes created by Tuba in Hit Me Up where he spoke about B. I.G and his then current wife and also fellow label soul artist Faith Evans l let these Niger know its on for life dont let the West side ride tonight This would be a groundbreaking moment not only for the East and West Coast, but or Hip-Hop on a whole. With B. I. G being killed in 1997 12 months after rival Tuba was murdered, there was almost a pause on the scene not producing any new artist that would create new moments such as Jay Z, Nas or Public Enemy already had. Regarding the culture and music industry of today, East Coast Hip-Hop still plays a large part. Since the year of 2009 there has been a decrease of rap sales, however we can still see how artists today are still inspired today with artist such as ASAP Rocky, who used the old school beats and gold fashion or Azalea Banks adding the sound of pop but being provocative with her lyrics as Ill Kim would often do.The crack epidemic still carries on today and it is arguable that it may have got worse but with it being so world wide it is more controlled. We still hear artist rapping about their describing the past that haunts him Vive been living this daily with no peace, no daydreams to save me, get high cause I want to survive, wish I could turn back the hands of time. As the artist today would of been at and impressionable age most likely their teens, an impressionable age they would of been inspired by artists such s Jay Z and Biggie Smalls inspiring them to use their life to express their feelings. However their are some differences mainly being fashion. Now rappers are more fearless with what they wear and how they wear it, however they still rock the gold jewelry.

Handiwork - Sample Common Application Essay - Option #1

Handiwork - Sample Common Application Essay - Option #1 The prompt for option #1 of the 2018-19  Common Application states, Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story. Vanessa wrote the following essay in response to the prompt: Handiwork I made slipcovers for my doll house furniture when I was ten. I had a nice matching set for the living room- a sofa, an arm chair, and an ottoman- all in a gray and pink floral pattern. I didn’t dislike the furniture, but on a rainy Saturday, I decided it was time to switch things up a little bit, so I dug out some scrap material- navy blue- along with some thread, a needle, and a pair of scissors from my mother’s sewing desk. A few days later, my doll house family had a nice, newly reupholstered living room set. I’ve always been a crafter. From the early days of Kindergarten macaroni ornaments, to making my own prom dress last year, I’ve had a knack for creating things. For drafting sketches, drawing plans, making calculations, gathering supplies, adding finishing touches. There is something so satisfying about holding something you, and you alone, have made- something that was just an image in your mind until you set about to bring it into existence, to create something new, something different. I’m sure there are hundreds of doll furniture sets out there in that same gray and pink, but there is only one with fitted (albeit with sloppy stitching) navy blue covers. There’s a sense of pride there, however small. I’ve been lucky to have the time, the energy, and the resources to be artistic, to craft things. My family has always encouraged my efforts whether I be sewing a Christmas gift or building a bookcase. As my projects have evolved, I’ve come to realize that making things, useful or otherwise, is very much an important part of who I am. It allows me to make use of my imagination, creativity, logic, and technical skills. And it’s not just about making something for the sake of making something. I feel a connection to my mother’s family, from a rural village in Sweden, when I make candles. I feel a connection to my grandmother, who passed away last year, when I use the thimble she gave me when I was thirteen. I feel resourceful when I use leftover wood scraps from our new barn to make coasters for the coffee table. Crafting for me is not just a hobby, not something I do when I’m bored. It’s a way to use my environment, to discover tools, and shortcuts, and new ways of looking at things. It’s a chance for me to use my head and my hands to make something pretty, or practical, or fun. I don’t plan on majoring in art, architecture, design, or anything remotely craft-based. I don’t want it to be my career. I think a part of me is worried that I’ll lose my love of making things if there’s homework involved, or if I have to rely on it for a paycheck. I want it to stay a pastime, to stay a way for me to relax, enjoy myself, and cultivate a sense of independence. I’ll never stop being a crafty person- I’ll always have a box of colored pencils, or a sewing kit, or a cordless drill on hand. I don’t know where I’ll be in twenty years, or even ten. But I know wherever I am, whatever I’m doing, I will be the person I am because of that little girl, patiently sewing together tiny pieces of fabric on her bedroom floor: creating something great, something new, something entirely her own. _____________________ A Critique of Vanessa's Essay In this critique, well look at the features of Vanessas  essay that make it shine as well as a few areas that could use improvement. The Essay Title If you read the tips for essay titles, youll find that Vanessa’s title fits within one of the recommended strategies: it is clear, succinct, and straightforward. We quickly know what the essay is about. Granted, her title isn’t creative, but creative titles aren’t always the best approach. With some exceptions, too much cleverness or puniness in a title tends to please the writer much more than the reader.  The short title has the added advantage that it isnt adding much to the word count. Keep in mind that the title counts towards the length limit. The Length For the 2018-19 academic year, the Common Application essay has a word limit of 650 and a minimum length of 250 words. At 575 words, Vanessas essay falls at the upper end of this range. This is a good place to be. Youll certainly come across college counselors who adhere to the belief that less is always more, that the admissions staff is so overwhelmed with applications that they greatly appreciate a 300-word essay. There is certainly truth to the idea that a tight 300-word essay is far preferable to a wordy, rambling, fluffy 650-word essay. However, better yet is a tight, engaging essay in the 500 to 650 word range. If a college truly has holistic admissions, the admissions folks want to get to know you as an individual. They can learn a lot more in 600 words than 300. There is no consensus on the ideal essay length, but Vanessas essay is certainly fine on this front. The Topic Vanessa has avoided all of the bad essay topics, and she is wise to have focused on something for which she has true passion. Her essay tells us about a side of her personality that may not be apparent from the rest of her application. Also, the subtext of Vanessas essay could work in her favor. Vanessas description of her love of crafts says a lot about her: she is good with her hands and working with tools; she has acquired hands-on skills designing, drawing, and drafting; she is creative and resourceful; she takes pride in her work. These are all skills and personality traits that will serve her well in college. Her essay may be talking about handiwork, but it is also providing evidence of her ability to handle the challenges of college-level work. Weaknesses Overall, Vanessa has written a fine essay, but it is not without a few short-comings. With a little revision, she could get rid of some of the  vague language. Specifically, she uses the words things and something numerous times. The biggest concern has to do with the last paragraph of Vanessas essay. It could leave the admissions folks asking  why  Vanessa does not want to make her passion into her major or her career. In many cases, the most successful people are those who have turned their passions into their professions. A reader of Vanessas essay is likely to think she would make an excellent mechanical engineer or art student, yet her essay seems to reject these options. Also, if Vanessa loves working with her hands so much, why not push herself to develop those skills further? The idea that â€Å"homework† might cause her to â€Å"lose [her] love of making things† makes sense on one hand, but there’s a danger in that statement as well: it suggests that Vanessa doesn’t like homework. The Overall Impression Vanessas essay succeeds on many fronts. Keep in mind why a college asks for an essay. If a college wants to see more than your grades and standardized test scores, it means the school has a holistic admissions process. They want to get to know you as a whole person, so they want to give you a space to reveal something about yourself that may not come across in the other areas of your application. They also want to make sure you can write in a clear and engaging manner. Vanessa succeeds on both fronts. Also, the tone and voice we find in Vanessas essay reveals her to be an intelligent, creative, and passionate person. Ultimately, no matter what essay option you choose for the Common Application, the admissions committee is asking the same thing: Is this applicant someone who we think will contribute to our campus community in a positive and meaningful way? With Vanessas essay, the answer is yes. Want to Learn More About Common Application Essay Option #1? Along with Vanessas essay above, be sure to check out Carries essay Give Goth a Chance and Charlies essay My Dads.  The essays demonstrate that you can approach this essay prompt in extremely different ways. You can also check out tips and sample essays for the other Common Application essay prompts.

Gasoline crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gasoline crisis - Essay Example This is regardless of whether there is a true shortage, or if it’s just panic buying that takes hold. Don’t be surprised to see gasoline rationing being put in place as soon as this occurs, whether it is imposed by the retailers, or by the government. Don’t be surprised to see long lines at the pumps, a la 1972.† (The Coming Gasoline Crisis). This paper will deal with the gasoline crisis and it will compare the cost of production of Gasoline to Ethanol in order to suggest a solution to this problem. The conclusion will sum up the major points of the paper. There is no question that oil, or petroleum or gasoline, is a precious commodity that built a lucrative industry. The entire trade revolving around oil – from exploration through extraction and processing to retail – is definitely one of the biggest businesses if not the biggest. Oil, as we know it, is a rather young industry. It is, however, all-encompassing. Not only do we use it for transportation but we use it to basically run the whole economy. Our present industries are fueled by oil and it is this function that saw the huge leap in the age of Industrial Revolution and had the world careening towards technological breakthroughs at unprecedented rates. History can tell us that much. To understand how oil came to dominate so much of our lives, it may be best to look as far back to history’s memory of it. The Earth processed for us the fossil fuels that we convert to oil, the result of photosynthesis of perhaps 300 to 350 million years ago, when plant and animal material were buried deep in the Earth’s crust. The petroleum industry kicked off when tar, distilled from petroleum, was used to pave the streets of Baghdad in the 8th century. Then in the 9th century, naphtha was produced from the oil field of Baku, Azerbaijan and Muhammad ibn ZakarÄ «ya RÄ zi produced kerosene from distilled petroleum for use on lamps (Bilkadi,

Accountant in Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Accountant in Business - Coursework Example The form of business units will include sole proprietorship, partnership, and limited liability companies. This paper provides information that is relevant to assist the two brothers appropriately. In a business unit there are also motivating factors such as focus, strategy, hard work, honesty, and good communication skills to customers that the investors or entrepreneurs should always embrace. These will always facilitate the core purpose of a business structure that is profit making. This refers to a form of business organization that is owned by a single individual who manages the business, enjoys all the profits, and bears all the losses. Most of the sole proprietorships are small business operations. Most of these business units provide services such as repair, delivery and carpentry. They are always operated in small houses or small offices. Quick decision-making and prompt action - There is always no interference with the thoughts of a sole proprietor from other sectors. The sole proprietor is always in a position to make his or her own decisions without any consultation. This will therefore facilitate fast decision-making and fast action. The maintenance of business top secrets – Some of the sensitive information about the business structure are well known to the owner. He or she is not allowed to disclose any information pertaining the business issues. Apparently, he or she is not allowed to publish the business books of accounts. Unlimited liability – This is always a major problem in sole proprietorship since the owner will always be responsible for all the losses. If the business is unsuccessful, the owner will always to cut the costs by his or her personal assets. Limited capital – At the start of a sole proprietorship, the source of money is always personal besides the amount you borrow. Unfortunately, the amount of money available may be limited to run the business operations smoothly. This may make the entrepreneur to strain in order

To what extent was the involvement of Winston Churchill during the Essay

To what extent was the involvement of Winston Churchill during the invasion of Gallipoli ultimately responsible for its failure - Essay Example obsolete and not much use for a battle against the High Seas Fleet, the operation would make no difference to the numerical superiority of the Royal Navy. The failure of its execution nearly destroyed his political career, and tarnished his reputation in the eyes of many contemporaries. For Great Britain, June 1940 was turning into one of the worst months of its modern history. After the swift fall of Belgium, Holland and France via the German Blitzkrieg, the British found themselves completely alone in confronting what seemed to be the invincible war machine of the Third Reich. Many asked themselves at this time whether Winston Churchill, who had only been Prime Minister for a few weeks, was the right person to lead the nation at such a difficult time. In his favour he had his unbreakable faith in victory and unmatched political experience. Nevertheless, there were those who remembered his stubbornness and adventurous character during the First World War, and were convinced that he had led the United Kingdom to spectacular failure at Gallipoli: but was Churchill truly to blame for that defeat? In the Autumn of 1914, barely three months after the beginning of the First World War, the land war had reached a stalemate on the Western Front.1 On the Eastern Front there were signs that the Germans would eventually defeat Russia, especially after Turkey blocked off supplies from Britain and France. After the First Battles of the Marne and Ypres, the Schlieffen Plan, which was supposed to open the route to Paris in the same way that it had been achieved in 1870, had failed.2 In its place there was the beginning of a war of attrition which promised to be long and difficult, and which used up all the resources of the combatants. Its symbol was to be trench warfare in which thousands of men would die for each disputed inch of ground. Bloody attrition in which the battles would end with hardly any change to the position of the Front. The various High Commands

The Functions Of Reservations Tourism Essay

The Functions Of Reservations Tourism Essay Reservation is a process of booking and blocking rooms in advance for the prospective guests. It is the hotels ability to equate the guests inquiry with the room availability. Approximately 70% of room sales business comes from reservations. Various reservation records are maintained so that the reservation section is able to provide the guest with efficient service and also deal with the guest inquiries regarding room availability, rates, discounts, food plans and services and facilities offered. 1. Ensures room on arrival :- A guest who makes prior reservation is ensured of the required type of room, no of rooms for his entire stay in the city. This saves him from the difficulty of finding accommodation on arrival especially during peak seasons when most of the hotels are full. 2. Budgeting As he is informed of the tariff at the time of reservation, he is able to budget his holiday or tour, taking in account the amount he spends on his stay, food, entertainment etc. 3. Other facilities:- The guest is ensured of certain facilities offered by the hotel which can be confirmed by making the reservation e.g. sightseeing tours, business center offering secretarial services, entertainment etc. He is also able to give the hotel address to his associates for any meetings, correspondence transfers to and from the hotel. (II) Importance for the HOTEL 1. Prior reservation gives the hotel an indication of the level of business likely to be encountered during any particular period. The reservations manager knows the amount of business ensured during that period from the confirmed reservations. It enables him to forecast future revenue generation and take necessary action to improve the amount of revenue expected. 2. Guest satisfaction The hotel is able to plan its activities and be prepared to receive an expected guest. They are able to provide the necessary services and facilities like security, transfers, preference of rooms to known guests, providing compile entries and any particular service asked by the guest at the time of making the reservation. 3. The front office manager is able to make the necessary decision regarding the no of walk-instant that can be accommodated on a particular day. Rooms requiring be repairing or taking off for redecoration can be blocked during the slack period as shown by the reservations. The no of rooms to be blocked for such purposes will also be determined according to the expected guest arrivals. 4. Scheduling of staff Hotel staff may be scheduled more accurately to void under staffing or over staffing problems. FUNCTIONS OF RESERVATIONS 1. Taking reservations for hotel rooms This is the main function. They receive and process the requests for bookings from prospective guests and after checking the various charts on the room availability position for the required dates the booking may be confirmed. In case the room availability position is negative, alternate accommodation is suggested and alternate dates may be offered. 2. Information regarding various services and facilities may be given if asked for. It may be volunteered when alternate room and dates are suggested. 3. Amendment of booking Guest wishing to change the type and no of rooms and/or dates of stay booked earlier would be amending their booking. This is also done through the reservations department. 4. Cancellation This releases more no of rooms for sale for the dates specified and reservations must keep track of this in order to sell the rooms to other guests. SOURCES OF RESERVATION 1. FITS:- Free Individual Travelers/Free Independent Travelers. DEIT Domestic Free Individual Traveler. FFIT Foreign Free Individual Traveller 2. GIT:- Group Inclusive Tour. Always has 1 group leader who remains in contact with the hotel. 3. COMPANY / CORPORATES:- Hotels get a lot of bookings from companies or corporates at CGR-COMPANY GUARANTEED RATE. They are given special discounted rates as well as additional privileges. The hotel should make sure that the Co. is able to pay the bill check the credit standing of the Co. 4. GOVERNMENT:- Also a source of booking for the hotel. (Both Central and State Govt.) 5. EMBASSIES:- All diplomatic offices and officials. 6. TRAVEL AGENCIES / TRAVEL AGENTS:- Smaller in operations. 7. TOUR OPERATORS:- They have tie ups with many local travel agents work on a much larger platform, helped by travel agents. 8. AIRLINES:- Can be clubbed with company but that is not done since the kind of discounts and business given by airlines is different. 9. OTHER HOTELS OF THE CHAIN:- Sister hotels of the concerned property also become sources of booking. 10. COMPETITORS:- Cases like walking a guest. 11. REFERRAL GROUPS:- Groups such as UTELL and LHW provide business to their member hotels. 12. CRO (CENTRAL RESERVATION OFFICE):- It can be in the hotel itself or can be another booking office. 13. CRS (CENTRAL RESERVATION SYSTEM):- Entire chain of hotels is connected to the CRS. CRO is one of the chains. 14. GDS (GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM):- Set up by airline companies. They fly across the globe and here require an efficient system for managing database. The hotels require a similar system, so they subscribe to GDS. GDS helps to maintain the reservation network of different hotels. GROUP RESERVATION Reservations of rooms form the largest percentage of business of a large hotel. Out of this total business the group business is maximum in many hotels. Hence the hotels getting their maximum revenue from the group business should be extra careful while dealing with group reservations. GUARANTEED RESERVATION This kind of reservation is which the hotel does not have to worry about the loss of room revenue even in the event of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"no showà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ of the guest. The guarantee can be given by a company for a company guest, or by credit card Company for a guest paying by credit card or by travel agent for travel agency bookings. So the hotel is assured about the business and the guest is assured about the room since the room for such reservations will not be released at the time limit but will be blocked till the end of the day. Walk In This is a very common term. This term refers to those guests of the hotel who arrive without any prior notice or reservation in the hotel. These guests arrive at the hotel hoping that there will be some room available for them. The hotel has to be very careful while dealing with the walk-ins. If the guest is paying by cash, then it is preferable for a hotel to ask for some advance from the guest. The advance should be sufficient enough to cover at least one night stay and some extra expenditure in the hotel. Such guests should be referred to the lobby manager and authorization should be taken from him on the registration cards of such guests. It also important to inform the other revenue centers about the PIA (Paid In Advance) or Cash only guests. These guests will not be allowed credit for any services or amenities provided to them. The desk agent should try and sell higher priced rooms to such guests . CONCLUSION The above mentioned are the types of reservation and the sources of reservation in hotels. Reservation may help the guest for the booking of rooms in advance.

Catcher in the Rye :: essays research papers

Catcher in the Rye Author Information :   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jerome David Salinger was born in New York City in 1919. He attended and graduated from a military acedemy, then shortly attended two colleges. He has written some of the most influencial American literature in the twentieth century. Some of his short stories originally appeared in the New Yorker magazine and were later published as in the book, Nine Stories. However, Salinger has not published anything since 1963. Analysis :   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have chosen to do symbolism. The symbols are clearly made evident by Holden’s constant repetition of their importance. The symbols are so important and their symbolism are directly related to the major themes of the novel. Allie, Holden’s young brother who died some years earlier, was a key symbol through out the story. When Holden remembers incidents from his past involving Allie, his attitude changes, like as when he writes the composition about Allie’s baseball glove or when Holden broke his hand after punching all of the windows after Allie died. He feels that Allie was one of the few people who were not phony in a world full of phonies. But more importantly, Allie represents the childhood that Holden strives to find through out his multi-day journey. In Holden’s opinion, Allie represents the purity that Holden looks for in the world. Holden admits that he admires Allie more than he admires Jesus. Allie is Holden’s role model, whom he judges the rest of the world to. When Allie dies, it creates heartache in Holden’s life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another symbol is when walking through New York City, Holden arrives at the Museum of Natural History. He remarks about the museum that he likes the glass cases that the museum officials place all of their exhibits in. He wishes he could place parts of his life in glass cases because they won’t change. In the end, he decides not to go into the museum. He likes the museum because he used to go there in his childhood, a time that he remembers with happiness. Since the glass cases inside the museum don’t allow anyone to change anything, it would be the one place for Holden to go if he wanted everything to be as it was during his childhood. However, he elects to remain outside because he is afraid that there is a chance that the museum might have changed. Jane Gallagher changed since his childhood and Holden thought that was unbelievable, so if Jane could change, perhaps

Consuming Salt Assignment

Salt is made up of 40 percent sodium and 60 percent of chloride, is a very important part of daily lives as it helps maintain your blood’s water content, balances acids and bases in your blood, and it helps in the movement of electrical charges which are in your nerves throughout your muscles. A human being should consume about 2400 mg of salt daily. On average, humans tend to go over the recommended amount. The food industry adds 75 percent of the sodium that we humans consume. The following additives resemble plenty of sodium: color developer, which assists in the colour development in meats.Fermentation controller, which does the organic check in cheeses and baked goods. Binder, which helps to hold the meat together when being cooked. Texture aid, allows dough to expand and prevents from tearing apart. Salt is a part of the food processing. Only way to reduce your intake on dietary salt is to purchase low salt processed foods and switch from processed foods to fresh foods. Look for sodium free, very low sodium, reduced sodium or unsalted terms on the food labels of the food your purchase. You could also try avoiding food items which contain more than 180 milligrams of sodium.Another strategy to avoid dietary salt intake is look out for these food products. Example, bacon, cheese, canned vegetables, anchovies, cooking sauces, gravy, salad dressings, hot dogs, ham, sea salt, soy sauce etc. These edibles contain high amounts of sodium in them and humans should try avoiding them as much as possible. However, manufacturers have tend to lower the amount of sodium inside these edibles, so there is a possibility of finding these food products in low salt form. Always make sure to check the food label when buying any food product so that way you are aware of what you are consuming.There is also another way to approach food when it comes down to lowering your salt intake. For instance, you could go on a low sodium diet. Instead of avoiding high sodium foods you can make few adjustments. You could cook herbs, spices, fruit juices, and vinegars for flavour rather than salt. Eat fresh vegetables, use less salt than the recipe calls for, and choose low salt frozen dinners. When eating outside, ask for your food to be prepared with only a little salt. There are five unique and healthy ways alternatives to salt.It is important to know how much salt you’re consuming because consuming too much could lead to high blood pressure and other serious health issues. Sesame is an alternative to salt and it could be added in your food because of the taste similarity to salt. It is a natural product and could be used on your bread, salad, chicken and vegetables. You should choose sesame over salt because it is made naturally and it adds a lot of flavour to your food without having to worry about the health risks. Another alternative is garlic.This is very beneficial to your health and is said to be an antioxidant if eaten in small amounts and can he lp get rid of colds and congestion. It is mostly added to chicken, salad, bread, and fish to give good flavour. It is also good for your heart and body. It is recommended that you pick fresh garlic over the powder form because the health benefits are stronger in the fresh garlic. Cumin is also a very beneficial alternative to salt because it resembles a lot of properties of antioxidants and it helps maintain a healthier immune system. Cumin has a similar taste to salt but the smell and the texture are very much different.

Social Media Ads

Many social media sites display multiple advertisements such as banner ads, behavior ads (ads that target people on the basis of their Web-browsing behavior), and demographic-based ads (ads that target people on the basis of a specifc factor such as age, gender, education, marital status, etc) that infuence not only the buying tendencies of preadolescents and adolescents but also their views of what is normal. All three regions viz. Australia and New Zealand, Asia and Rest of the World show high levels of switching news consumption to traditional news mediums than continuing news consumption on SBNs. The choice between online and traditional news media is also mediated by a person's level of comfort with technology (Althaus ; Tewksbury, 2000) as well as ease of use of the technology (Venkatesh, et al., 2003). Therefore, for this group, the opportunity costs associated with adopting and using SBNs (e.g. accessing the network, navigation skills, and computer skills) is relatively high causing them to potentially devalue the controls and advantages that SBNs provide. On the other hand, this group also exercise a degree of media selectivity (Yuan, 2011) based on their beliefs about various media attributes such as convenience or personal preferences (Ahlers, 2006; Althaus ; Tewksbury, 2000) for consuming news by combining different news media's (e.g. SBNs, television) (Yuan, 2011). Past studies researching news consumption through traditional news media show that individuals with a high need for information increasingly choose information-rich media (Althaus & Tewksbury, 2000; Dutta-Bergman, 2004). Thus, the relative advantage of SBNs evidenced through the immediacy and timeliness of news (media attributes) and users providing a variety of content in SBNs are highly appealing factors for these information seekers in continuing their news consumption on SBNs. Besides, SBNs also expose individuals in this group to news that they otherwise might not get from traditional news media (Pew Research Center, 2013). Thus, for instance, they are more likely to follow celebrities on Twitter or Facebook (viz. user influence), which

Interesting Xenon Facts and Uses in Chemistry

Interesting Xenon Facts and Uses in Chemistry Although its a rare element, xenon is one of the noble gases you may encounter in daily life. Here are some interesting facts about this element: Xenon is a colorless, odorless, heavy noble gas. It is element 54 with the symbol Xe and atomic weight 131.293. A liter of xenon gas weighs over 5.8 grams. It is 4.5 times denser than air. It has a melting point of  161.40 K ​(−111.75  °C, ​−169.15  °F) and boiling point of  165.051 K ​(−108.099  °C, ​−162.578  °F). Like nitrogen, its possible to observe the solid, liquid, and gas phases of the element at ordinary pressure.Xenon was discovered in 1898 by  William Ramsay and Morris Travers. Earlier, Ramsay and Travers discovered the other noble gases krypton and neon. They discovered all three gases by examining components of liquid air. Ramsay received the 1904 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contribution in discovering neon, argon, krypton, and xenon and describing the characteristics of the noble gas element group.The name xenon comes from the Greek words xenon, which means stranger, and xenos, which means strange o r foreign. Ramsay proposed the element name, describing xenon as a stranger in a sample of liquefied air. The sample contained the known element argon. Xenon was isolated using fractionation and verified as a new element from its spectral signature. Xenon arc discharge lamps are used in the extremely bright headlamps of expensive cars and to illuminate large objects (e.g., rockets) for night viewing. Many of the xenon headlights sold online are fakes: incandescent lamps wrapped with a blue film, possibly containing xenon gas but incapable of producing the bright light of genuine arc lamps.Although the noble gases generally are considered inert, xenon actually does form a few chemical compounds with other elements. Examples include xenon hexafluoroplatinate, xenon fluorides, xenon oxyfluorides, and xenon oxides. The xenon oxides are highly explosive. The compound  Xe2Sb2F1   is particularly noteworthy because it contains a Xe-Xe chemical bond, making it an example of a compound containing the longest element-element bond known to science.Xenon is obtained by extracting it from liquefied air. The gas is rare but present in the atmosphere at a concentration of about 1 part per 11.5 million (0.087 parts per million.) The gas is present in the Martian atmosphere at approximately the same concentration. Xenon is found in the Earths crust, in gases from certain mineral springs, and elsewhere in the solar system, including the sun, Jupiter, and meteorites. It is possible to make solid xenon by exerting high pressure on the element (hundreds of kilobars.) The metallic solid state of xenon is sky blue. Ionized xenon gas is blue-violet, while the usual gas and liquid are colorless.One of xenons uses is for ion drive propulsion.  NASAs Xenon Ion Drive engine fires a small number of xenon ions at high speed (146,000 km/hour for the Deep Space 1 probe). The drive may propel spacecraft on deep space missions.Natural xenon is a mixture of nine isotopes, although 36 or more isotopes are known. Of the natural isotopes, eight are stable, which makes xenon the only element except for tin with more than seven stable natural isotopes. The most stable of xenons radioisotopes has a half-life of  2.11 sextillion years. Many of the radioisotopes are produced via the fission of uranium and plutonium.The radioactive isotope xenon-135 may be obtained by beta decay of iodine-135, which is formed by nuclear fission. Xenon-135 is used to absorb neutrons i n nuclear reactors. In addition to headlamps and ion drive engines, xenon is used for photographic flash lamps, bactericidal lamps (because it produces ultraviolet light), various lasers, moderate nuclear reactions, and motion picture projectors. Xenon can also be used as a general anesthetic gas.

Post bureaucracy does not constitute an advance on bureaucratic forms Essay - 1

Post bureaucracy does not constitute an advance on bureaucratic forms of organisation. Do you agree with this statement Explain your answer using theory and examples - Essay Example Over time, there has emerged some post bureaucratic tendencies in organizational management. Although there have been a number of transformations in the management system in terms of bureaucratic wellbeing, post bureaucracy constitutes an advance on bureaucratic forms of organization. Weber (2002) derived the theory of rationality to help explain some aspects of human behavior in specific set ups (Weber 2000, p. 35). Being rational has to do with thinking through a decision before implementation. Weber came up with two types of rationality in his theory. The types of rationality coined by Weber were Substantive and instrumental rationalities. Substantive rationality is when the actions of an individual are in tandem with the predominant values inherent in a person (Weber 2000, p. 122). On the other hand, instrumental rationality is when a person decides to use the most appropriate means to achieve an objective. Substantive has all to do with the individual’s well being and no consideration is laid on the means through which satisfaction is derived. Substantive is where the decisions that a person makes are based on values and ethics. The means through which output is achieved in substantive rationality is not a matter of concern. Weber notes that in a bureaucratic system, the outcomes are more critical than any other thing. Substantive was replaced by the formal procedures in the sense that emphasis is laid on technical means through which outcomes are enhanced (Weber 2000, p. 122). Instrumental rationality has all to do with having the best outcomes without considering how it is done. Bureaucratic system demands that the end product must be of high quality without any considering how quality is achieved. It can lead to workers employing dirty tactics or going extra miles to achieve some ends (Weber 2000, p. 123). Max Weber (2000) is synonymous with coining the concept of bureaucracy to a large extent (Weber 2000, p. 13). What

Comprehensive Examination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Comprehensive Examination - Essay Example The navigation design or the site hierarchy has to be carefully planned with the objectives in mind. Normally three-tier architecture is used in setting up the site hierarchy. The first tier is the landing page of the user; the second tier represents the next level where the website wants the users to reach. The third tier is the page where the objectives of the company, such as sales, gathering customer details, etc.., are present (Thompson, 2006). In this web 2.0 age, it is essential to ensure that the functionality is perfect across all the pages in a website. This functionality also requires careful consideration and the flow of information and the ease of use within the website, all depend on the functionality design. The final and most important aspect of websites is the user friendliness. The site should be simple and it should clearly display the intended content and links to the user. Complex websites often result in lack of user friendliness and hence result in lesser repeat users. Hence user friendliness has to be present and users from all demographics should be able to access the information with ease. Initially, Internet was used to display information. In the recent years, Interactive services and Ecommerce have become very common and this has led to advanced coding which involves a lot of server side coding as opposed to the client side scripts used in the past. The platforms and frameworks for technical coding have developed and many new advanced platforms such as ASP.NET 3.5 and PHP are becoming very common. Many standards have become inevitable for website coding. When compared to the past, nowadays, websites are all validated to follow these standards for many reasons, one of the main being search engine optimization. In the past, interactive features were considered as additional, whereas interactive web 2.0 services have

A summary of Death of the Duopoly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A summary of Death of the Duopoly - Essay Example Gillepsie and Welch point out that these parties will always be around, but voters also have the ability to make their own stance. Economists recognize the Republican and Democratic parties as being the longest-lived duopoly. However, they have not considered that this duopoly may meet the same end as duopolies before them, which is that a collusion of interests will bring about a revolt of the customers. Gillepsie and Welch use Kodak and Fujifilm as an example. Kodak was a huge, unbeatable name until Fujifilm came along, but the two held their ground as a strong duopoly in a way that economists believed was unbreakable. Unfortunately, Kodak and Fujifilm began to drop and fell completely with the rise of digital cameras and software. Like other duopolies, Kodak and Fujifilm treated their customers like â€Å"captives,† leaving them no choice in what they can buy and what they would pay. With the rise of digital technology and more options for customers, the duopoly fell entirely. The government, while a duopoly, does not face the same changes and downfall as Kodak and Fujifilm since it does not depend on customers to obtain its money. They can still meet an end, though, as their customers (the taxpayers) find an alternative method by â€Å"creating angry and effective coalitions to confront the status quo.† This does not necessarily mean that Republicans and Democrats will just disappear in the immediate or distant future, given their guaranteed revenue stream and their ability to do what they must to survive. However, the voters have a similar ability to create new methods that have made, and are still making, the political duopolists